Some sources begin the Late Period here, others at the end of the 25th dyn.
| c.715 | CAPITAL of Egypt: at TANIS from 1070, moved back to THEBES until ? by Shabaka. | no date: B76 VII-430 |
| c.702 | Son of Kashta, SHABAKA dies. 2nd king of Kushite 25th dyn from 716. Son or bro SHEBITKU succeeds until 690. | 730 GEoP 721 ktut, wikP 717 DMoN 716 Clay, Grim, JIAE, RAI3, Shaw, frN, nar, phou, resh, scar, tig, treg 712 ae 702 CAH 3.2, 3.3, Grim 701 IDB 2-177, RAI3, Sdl 4-248, lveg 700 BHoE 699 FLAP 695 B76 IX-98 |
| c.700 | Late (Neo) Egyptian Language Period from 1600, ends. Demotic Language Period begins until after 400CE. |
700 B76 8-595 |
| c.700 | Demotic V Script , hieroglyphic evolved into cursive for use in hand written texts, develops during Kushite dynasty, used until early 5th century CE. | 700 GEoP 21 660 Wiki |
| c.700 | INCUBATORS used in Egypt to hatch chicken eggs. | 700 TTT |
| c.695 | AMMERIS, governor of Sais installed by Kushites, dies. STEPHINATES (aka TEFNACHT-II) succeeds to 688. | 695 Grim 346 |
| c.690 | Son of Shabaka, SHEBITKU dies. 3rd king of Kushite 25th dyn from 702. Son or bro TAHARKA (Tirhaka) succeeds until 664. | 690 CAH 3.2, 3.3, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, IDB 2-177, JIAE, Jud 15-1152, MRDK, Murn, RAI2, Shaw, ae, bk, frN, ktut, lveg, nar, phou, pic, scar, tig, treg, wikP 689 B76 IX-767, FLAP 178, ISBE 2-45, RAI3, Sdl 4-259, resh |
| c.688 | STEPHINATES (aka TEFNACHT-II), governor of Sais under Kushites, ends. | 688 Grim 346 |
| c.684 | Nile floods. | Taharka yr 6 Grim 347 |
| c.675 | ESARHADDON, king of Assyria and Babylon 681-69, invades Egypt, but is halted by a sandstorm, returns north. | 675 B76 III-954, ISBE 2-128, MCAW 68 674 DMoN 184, Grim 350, Sdl 4-296, resh |
| c.672 | NEKAWAB ends. Prince of Sais from ?. Son of Bokchoris, NECO-I succeeds (Necho, Necco), until 664. | 672 Grim, Shaw, ktut, nar, phou, pic, wikP 664 resh |
| c.671 | ESARHADDON, king of Assyria and Babylon 681-69, in Levant 671, invades Egypt again until 670, defeats Kushite Pharaoh Taharka, takes Memphis, captures Taharkas son, wife, and most of the royal court, who are sent to Assyria as hostages. | 675 ISBE 3-316, MCAW 68 674 BHOE 555 671 B76 III-954, VII-237, 6-479, 11-986, Grim 350, IDB 2-54, 3-530, ISBE 2-45, MCAW 68, RAI3 328, Sag1 127, Sag2 119, Sdl 4-296, WPOT 95, resh, wikEs 670 BHoE 20, DMoN 185 |
| c.671 | TAHARKA king of Egypt 690-64, flees from Memphis to Thebes until 670. All Lower Egypt, under Kushites from 715, acknowledges Esarhaddon as sovereign. Assyrian domination begins until 655. |
671 B76 III-954, Grim 350, IDB 2-54, MCAW 68, RAH, RAI2, Sag1 127, Sag2 119, bk, lveg |
| c.671 | ESARHADDON claims to be king of all Egypt and Kush (an exaggeration). Installs Assyrian administrators, makes NECO-I prince of Sais satrap of Egypt (technically just Lower Egypt). | 671 B76 VII-238, Sag1 127, Sag2 119 |
| c.670 |  Basalt STELE of Esarhaddon from the outer gate of Zincirli (Samal), celebrates his victory over Pharaoh Taharqa in 671, shows Esarhaddon holding in his left hand a mace club and a rope tied to 2 prisoners. His right hand addresses the gods. |
photo Haldu no date: ISBE 2-128, wikSA |
| c.670 | 1st evidence of IRON V TOOLS in Egypt. (probably brought there by Assyrians) (See Crete 1200, Levant 1200, Europe 900, Africa 700) | 670 SHT 1-597 |
| c.670 | ESARHADDON, in Egypt from 671, has some kind of problem in Assyria that causes him to return north. | 670 wikEs |
| c.670 | TAHARKA king of Egypt 690-64, as soon as Assyrian army leaves, returns from Thebes, recovers Memphis. Lower Egypt is divided between Kushites and Assyrians until 664. | 669 B76 6-479, RAI3 328, phou no date: Sag1 127, Sag2 119 |
| c.667 | Army of Ashurbanipal with allies from Cyprus, Aram, Phoenicia, Palestine, invades Egypt, defeats Taharka near Memphis, retakes Memphis, confirms Neco-I as satrap of Egypt. | 668 B76 11-986 667 B76 VII-238, 6-480, GEoP 346, IDB 1-112, MCAW 68, Sag1 127, Sag2 120, Shaw 353 666 ISBE 2-45 |
| c.667 | TAHARKA king of Egypt 690-64, flees from Memphis to Thebes again. | 667 MCAW 68, Sag1 128, Sag2 120, Shaw 353 no date: B76 2-144 |
| c.666 | Assyrian army marches from Memphis south to attack Thebes, learns of potential rebellion in Lower Egypt, returns to Memphis. | 666 Sdl 4-299 no date: RAI3 330 |
| c.664 | Son of Bokchoris, NECO-I ends. Prince of Sais from 672. Son PSAMTIK-I succeeds until 610. | 664 CAH 3.3, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, JIAE, Shaw, SHWC 38, ae, ktut, nar, phou, pic, scar, tig, treg, wikP 656 resh |
| c.664 | 26th (Saite) DYNASTY begins until 525. | 668 MRDK, pic 664 B76 6-480, CAH 3.3, Clay, JIAE, Shaw, ae, nar, resh, tig 663 WERE 656 bk |
| c.664 | Son of Shebitku, TAHARKA (Tirhaka) dies. 4th king of Kushite 25th dyn from 690, dies at Napata in Nubia. Neph Tanutamon immediately goes south to Napata to be crowned in the cushite capital. TANUTAMON succeeds until 656. | 665 RAI2 664 B76 IX-767, CAH 3.2, 3.3, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, JIAE, Jud 15-1152, MRDK, Murn, RAI3, Sag, Sdl 4-300, Shaw, ae, bk, frN, ktut, nar, phou, pic, scar, tig, treg, wikP 663 BHoE 558, Sdl 4-259, resh |
| c.664 | TANUTAMON, king of Kushite 25th dyn 664-56, invades Lower Egypt, goes to Elephantine, then Thebes, unopposed until he reaches Memphis, takes Memphis, drives pro-Assyrian princes out of delta, remains until 663. | 664 B76 VII- 238, 11-986, Sag1 129, MCAW 68, WPOT 165, bk 663 BHoE 558 |
| c.664 | Son of Bokchoris, NECO-I deposed. Prince of Sais from 672, satrap of Egypt from 671, deposed by Tanutamun. | 664 CAH 3.2, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, JIAE, Shaw, ae, ktut, nar, phou, pic, scar, tig, treg, wikP 663 B76 2-144 656 resh |
| c.664 | Ionian mercenaries and traders begin in Egypt. | 664 OHG |
| c.663 | ASHURBANIPAL final invasion of Egypt. Chases Kushites up Nile. | 664 B76 2-144 663 B76 VII-238, GEoP 347, MCAW 70, Sag1 129-30, SOTS 167, 216 661 B76 VII-430 |
| c.663 | THEBES sacked by ASHURBANIPAL, never fully recovers. | 664 ISBE 2-45 663 B76 2-144, BI+N 74, IDB 1-256, ISBE 1-321, MCAW 70, Sag1 129, Shaw 332, lveg 661 B76 18-261, 1066, IDB 4-617 |
| by c.663 | PSAMTIK-I, son of Neco-I, prince of Sais, appointed satrap of Egypt until 610 by Ashurbanipal. Psamtik-I has control of the whole delta. NECO-I, former satrap of Egypt, deported to Nineveh. | 664 B76 VIII-264, CAH 3.2, 3.3, Grim, RAI3 663 BHoE 20, CAH 4-87, RAH, lveg 660 Shaw 366 |
| c.661 | KUSHITES, in control of Egypt from 715, under TANUTAMON 664-56, expelled by Ashurbanipal. | 663 BHoE 20, BI+N 69 661 BHoE 559 656 Grim |
| c.660 | Greek trade (probably Ionian) begins in Egypt. | 660 Dur 2-221 |
| c.660 | PEDIESE, prince of Heracleopolis from ?, ends. SAMTUTEFNAKHT succeeds until ?. | Psam yr 4 Grim 354 |
| c.660 | Λ Demotic V Script , used from 700, is first attested. | 660 B76 8-856 |
| c.658 | PSAMTIK-I, prince of Sais, satrap of Egypt 660-10, rebels against Ashurbanipal, gets help from Gyges of Lydia plus Ionian and Carian mercenaries. | 658 B76 VIII 264, MCAW 70, Shaw 365 655 RAI3 332 654 BI+N 112, IDB 3-191 659-50 Sag1 130 |
| c.657 | Recalcitrant Libyan chiefdoms in the Delta submit to PSAMTIK-I, prince of Sais. | 657 Grim 354 Psam yr 8 Grim 354 |
| c.656 | PSAMTIK-I, prince of Sais, makes secret alliance with SHAMASH-SHUM-UKIN, king of Babylon 668-48 against Assyeia. | 656 Grim 354 |
| c.656 | PSAMTIK-I, prince of Sais, satrap of Egypt 660-10, sends a fleet escorting his dau Nitocris to Thebes. | 656 Grim 354 |
| c.656 | TANUTAMON ends. 5th king of Kushite 25th dyn from 664. | 657 ae, treg 656 CAH 3.2, 3.3, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, JIAE, MRDK, Murn, RAI3, Shaw, ktut, nar, phou, pic, resh, scar, tig 653 frN, resh, wikP |
| c.656 | 25th DYNASTY ends. Kushites from 747. | 712 tig 663 WERE 657 ae 656 B76 6-479, Clay, ISBE 2-45, JIAE, MRDK, Murn, Shaw, pic, lveg, nar, resh 663 WERE |
| c.655 | GYGES, king of Lydia 716-648, sends troops to Psamtik-I of Egypt to help free him from Assyria. | 654 ISBE 3-191 |
| c.655 | PSAMTIK-I, king of 26th Saite dyn 664-10, chases Assyrians into Philistia as far as Ashdod, recovers Lower Egypt, rules a united independent Egypt. Lower Egypt is under Egyptians until 525. Trade with Assyria continues. | 663 CAH 4-87 656 B76 11-987 655 Jud 10-290, RAI2 276, RAI3 332, Sdl 4-338 654 B76 2-144, BI+N 75, SOTS 233 653 Grim 358 651 MCAW 70, RAH 102, WPOT 165 yr 9 DMoN 188 |
| c.655 | Assyrian domination ends. Began 671. Egypt united & independent until 525. |
| c.653 | Saqqara Stele of PSAMTIK-I shows defeat of Libyans. | yr 11 Shaw 374 |
| c.650 | PSAMTIK-I, king of 26th Saite dyn 664-10, uses dau NITOCRIS to gain power in Thebes, where Kushites still rule. Makes her the wife of Amun. Therefore she rules over the priests of Amun. | 654 IDB 2-54 650 MCAW 73 |
| c.650 | Greeks begin to visit Egypt regularly, and take back Egyptian architecture and sculpture ideas. | 650 B76 19-287 |
| c.650 |  ADZE depicted in a boat building scene. |
photo: Trish Mayo 664-634 wikBBS |
| c.650 | ELEPHANTINE island in Nile at Nubian border, receives a military installation. | 650 wikEP |
| c.650 | Λ Demotic Script , hieroglyphic evolved into cursive for use in hand written texts from 700, starts to replace Hieratic script for secular purposes. | 650 B76 III-463, V-32 |
| c.640 | PSAMTIK-I king of 26th Saite dyn 664-10, invades Philistia. | 640 BHoE 580 |
| c.630 | NAUCRATIS trading post founded in western Delta by Meletian mercenaries. | 660 GRG 325 650 Dur 2-173 620 B76 8-330 600 Dur 2-66 |
| c.628 | Greeks of Miletos establish colonies in Egypt. | 628 GHH |
| c.620 | SCYTHIANS under Partatua & Madyes, move toward Egypt, bought off by Psamitk-I. | 620 B76 6-480 no date: B76 16-438 |
| c.616 | PSAMTIK-I, king of 26th Saite dyn 664-10, helps Assyrians against Nabopolassar and Scythians. | 616 Grim 359, Jud 10-292 |
| c.611 | SCYTHIANS raid Egypt. | 611 PAE 176 |
| c.610 | Son of Neco-I, PSAMTIK-I dies. King of 26th Saite dyn from 663. Son NECO-II (Necho) succeeds until 595. | 616 GHH 610 CAH 3.2, 3.3, Clay, DHJ 276, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, ISBE 2-45, 3-510, JIAE, MRDK, Shaw, ae, ktut, nar, phou, pic, scar, tig, treg, wikP 609 BHoE 582, Jud 12-919, RAI3, SHWC 38, WERE, lveg, resh |
| c.610 | NECO-II, king of 26th Saite dyn 610-595, attempts to join Nile to Red Sea by CANAL. In a year, he will give up. Over 120,000 men will die in the effort to build it. See 510 | 610 GHH, MCAW 73 609 TTPC, bk after 609 mxfld |
| c.609 | NECO-II, king of 26th Saite dyn 610-595, leads full army into Levant to grab former Assyrian possessions. | 609 Grim 359 608 MCAW 74 |
| c.609 | NECO-II, grateful for Ionian mercenaries at Megiddo, sends thank offering to shrine of Apollo at Miletos. | 608 MCAW 75 |
| c.605 | NECO-II marches as far as Euphrates. | 605 FLAP 185, resh |
| c.605 | NECO-II defeated at Carchemish by Nebuchadrezzar-II. | 605 FLAP 185, TTPC, resh |
| c.601 | NEBUCHADREZZAR-II tries to invade Egypt. Both sides suffer heavy losses. Repelled by NECO-II. Withdraws. | 601 BI+N 88, Grim 360, ISBE 2-45, MCAW 78, Sdl 4-349, phou, resh 600 MCAW 78 |
| c.600 | VOYAGE AROUND AFRICA commissioned by Neco-II using Phoenician sailors. Starts at Ezion-Geber and sails clockwise around Africa, arriving back in Egypt 3 years later. | 600 WPOT 277, TTS, TTT Herodotus 4-42 BAR Jul-Aug 1979 vol V #4 |
| c.600 | Λ IRON AGE is finally accepted in Egypt, though it had reached Nubia in 700. Assyrian STEEL tools have been found at El-Amarna. | 600 SHT 1-597, 649 |
| c.600 | ELEPHANTINE island in Nile established by pharaoh as a community for Jewish mercenaries. | 600 E2LM 7 |
| c.600 | TIN: First bar of tin appears in an Egyptian grave. | 600 SHT 1-592 |
| c.595 | Son of Psamtik-I, NECO-II (Necho) dies. King of 26th Saite dyn from 610. Son PSAMTIK-II succeeds until 589. Continues defensive policy, except for 1 Nubian campaign. | 600 GHH 595 CAH 3.2, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, ISBE 2-45, 3-510, JIAE, Murn, Shaw, ae, bk, ktut, nar, phou, pic, scar, tig, treg, wikP 594 BI+N 112, CAH 3.3, DHJ 288, IDB 4-948, RAI3, Sdl 4-362, WERE, lveg, resh 593 Jud 12-919 |
| c.592 |  PSAMTIK-II king of Egypt 595-89, expedition to Nubia, advances to 3rd cataract, defeats king Aspelta of Nubia, sacks Napata, but withdraws to 1st cataract, erects victory stele at Kalabsha. |
photo: John Campana 593 bk 592 CAH 3.3, Grim 362 591 triN 590 B76 VII-430 |
| c.591 | PSAMTIK-II king of Egypt 595-89, sends peaceful naval expedition into Levant and up the coast as far as Gebal, to harass Nebuchadrezzar-II and inspire revolt, returns same year. | yr 4 Shaw 372 591 Grim 362, Jud 6-1090 590Sdl 4-363 |
| c.589 | Son of Neco-II, PSAMTIK-II dies. King of 26th Saite dyn from 595, dies returning from Phoenicia. Son APRIES (Hophra) succeeds until 570. | 594 GHH 589 CAH 3.2, 3.3, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, ISBE 2-45, JIAE, MRDK, Murn, OCD 88, Shaw, ae, bk, ktut, nar, phou, pic, scar, tig, treg, wikP 588 BHoE, BI+N 90, 112, CAH 4-87, RAI3, Sdl 4-363, WERE, lveg 587 resh |
| c.589 | IONIAN MERCENARIES of Psamtik-I leave Greek grafitti on legs of statues of Ramses-II at Aswan. | 589 MCAW 83 |
| c.588 | APRIES king of 26th Saite dyn 589-70 sends naval expedition to Phoenicia, subjugates Phoenicia, takes Sidon until 586. | 588 MCAW 89 no date: Sag1 142 |
| c.587 Jan 7 | EZEKIEL goes from Babylon to Egypt, writes Eze 24:15-27, 29:1-16 in Egypt. | 587 ISBE 2-255 |
| c.587 mid | EZEKIEL goes from Egypt to Gilgal. | 587 ISBE 2-255 |
| c.587 | APRIES sends army into Levant to counter Nebuchadrezzar-II. | 588 wikApr 587 MCAW 82 |
| c.587 | Defeated Egyptian troops return from Palestine, and mutiny at Aswan. Mutiny is contained. | no date: wikApr |
| c.586 | NITOCRIS-I dau of Psamtik-I, Wife of Amun at Thebes, dies. | 586 wikDAA, wikPsm 585 wikNit |
| c.585 | ANKHNESNEFERIBRE, sis of Apries, adopted as the new Wife of Amun at Thebes. | Apries yr4: wikApr |
| 585 May 28 | SOLAR ECLIPSE, predicted by Thales, is said to be in the 8th or 12th year of Apries by Eusebius of Caesarea. This does not necessarily mean the eclipse was seen in Egypt. | wikApr |
| c.585 | JOHANAN ben Kareah, and remnant of Judah, and JEREMIAH go from Judah to Egypt. Stay at Tahpanhes, (Tahphanes, Daphnae) a settlement of Greek mercenaries in eastern delta. | Jer 43 586 E2LM 32 |
| c.585 | JEREMIAH at Tahpanhes, propecies against Egypt. Says Nebuchadrezzar-II will devastate Egypt. Apries will be delivered to his enemies. | Jer 43:8, 44:30 |
| c.580 | JOHANAN ben Kareah, Jewish mercenary leader takes a detachment to Elephantine. Their duty henceforth is to guard against invasion from the south. | 580 DHJ 368 |
| c.574 | APRIES begins series of campaigns into Cyprus and Phoenicia until 570. | 574 Shaw 373 |
| c.570 | Libyans of Cyrene appeal to pharaoh APRIES for help against Greeks. Apries sends a large mercenary force that is disastrously defeated at well of Thestis in Irasa. | 571 Shaw 374 570 CAH 4-109-11, DGRBM 1-476, Grim 363, OCD 307, lvG |
| c.570 | Prophet JEREMIAH dies., active from 627, in Egypt from 585. | 580 CBCOT, bk 570 B76 10-135, vb |
| c.570 Oct. | APRIES, allied with Ionians, attacks and is defeated by AHMOSE at Momemphis in northwest delta. Ahmose occupies Sais. | 570 DMoN 192, Grim 363, Shaw 368 Apries is killed: Grim 363 |
| c.570 | AHMOSE proclaimed king by army in opposition to Apries. | 570 B76 I-460 569 IDB 2-644, OCD 49 |
| c.570 | Son of Psamtik-II, APRIES ends. King of 26th Saite dyn from 589, deposed by Ahmose, flees north to Babylonians in Levant until 567. Vizir AHMOSE-II usurps until 526. | 570 B76 I-156, CAH 3.2, 3.3, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, ISBE 2-45, JIAE, Murn, OCD 88, Shaw, ae, ktut, nar, phou, pic, scar, tig, treg, wikP 569 RAH 110, Sdl 4-363, 5-49, resh 568 BHoE, RAI3, WERE, lveg |
| 569-8 | Egyptian troops rebel against Ahmose-II. | 569-8 CAH 4-16 |
| c.568 | Babylonians in Levant attack Egypt again until 567 with little success. A fragmentary tablet alludes to this, but Ahmose-II is not affected adversely. | 568 B76 I-156, 11-988, Grim 363, Sdl 5-6, bk 567 IDB 3-530 |
| c.567 | In NEB-II's year 37 he campaigns against Ahmose-II until 566. | 568 B76 11-988, Sdl 5-6 567 IDB 3-530 |
| c.567 | AHMOSE-II, king of 26th Saite dyn 570-26, asks Ionian mercenaries of Cyrene for help against Babylonians. | 567 Shaw 374 |
| c.567 | APRIES, now working for Babylonians with Babylonian army, attacks AHMOSE-II, routs his Ionian mercenaries. | 568 TTPC, RAI2 317, SOTS 236, resh 567 DMoN 192 566 IDB 2-644 |
| c.566 | AHMOSE-II, king of 26th Saite dyn 570-26, defeats Babylonian invasion of Egypt. Former pharaoh Apries is captured by Egyptians. Sources conflict on whether he is executed or allowed to live. No further Babylonian attempts on Egypt are recorded. | 566 CAH 4-87 yr 4 Shaw 373 |
| c.563 | AEGINA island establishes a footing for its merchants at Naucratis, erect a temple of Zeus. | 563 DGRG 1-33 |
| c.560 | DAPHNAE (Tahpanhes), Greek trade-port in east delta: Greeks forced to evacuate by Ahmose. | 560 CAH 4-107 |
| c.550 | GLASS making: A declining industry in Egypt from 1200, revives. (See Mesopotamia 750) | 6-500 txgls |
| c.526 | AHMOSE-II dies. King of 26th Saite dyn from 570. Son PSAMTIK-III succeeds until 525. | 526 B76 I-156, CAH 3.2, 3.3, 4, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, Grim, ISBE 2-45, JIAE, MRDK, Murn, RAH 110, RAI3, Shaw, WERE, ae, ktut, nar, phou, pic, resh, scar, tig, treg, wikP 525 Sdl 5-48, lveg |
| c.525 | PHANES, Ionian mercenary working for Egypt, defects to Cambyses-II. | no date: SOTS 244 |
| c.525 | CAMBYSES-II king of Medo-Persia 529-22, invades Egypt, defeats PSAMTIK-III at Pelusium, Psam retreats to Memphis. | 525 B76 II-478, 8-347, 9-834, BHoE 595, 601, CAH 4-15, 100, FLAP 115, GHH, Grim 364, ISBE 1-582, 2-45, MCAW 96, Sdl 5-48, Shaw 374, SOTS 244, WERE 272, WPOT 320, bk, lvA |
| c.525 | CAMBYSES-II sends a herald with 200 men in a ship up the Nile to Memphis. The Egyptians murder them. | 525 GHH |
| c.525 | CAMBYSES-II, proceeds to Memphis, besieges and captures Memphis, in Africa until 522. | 525 B76 II-478, CAH 4-15, 100, GHH, Grim 364, ISBE 3-317, MCAW 96, Sdl 5-48, SOTS 244 |
| c.525 | CAMELS: Domestic dromedaries brought to Egypt by Cambyses. (See Sahara 950, Qarqar 853, Thymbra 547, China 300, ) |
525 wikDrm |
| c.525 | Son of Ahmose-II, PSAMTIK-III ends. King of 26th Saite dyn from 526, either carried off to Susa or killed by order of Cambyses. | 525 BCoC 221, BI+N 113, CAH 3.2, 4, Clay, DMoN, GEoP, GHH, Grim, JIAE, MRDK, Murn, RAI3, Shaw, WERE, ae, ktut, lveg, nar, phou, pic, resh, scar, tig, treg, wikP |
| c.525 | 26th (Saite) DYNASTY ends. Began at Sais 664. United & independent Egypt ends. Began 655. Medo-Persian domination begins until 404. |
525 B76 6-480, BCoC 221, Clay, DBANE 70, GHH, Grim, IDB 2-55, JIAE, MRDK, OCD 198, RAH, Shaw, SHWC 38, ae, nar, pic, resh, tig, WERE |
| c.525 | CAMBYSES-II king of Medo-Persia 529-22, follows father's example in respecting local religion, entitles self "Son of Ra", consults local oracles, visits sanctuaries, prostrates himself before image of Neith and possibly other images, restores former traditions. | 525 DBANE 71 |
| c.525 | CAMBYSES-II king of Medo-Persia 529-22, recognized as king of Egypt. Annexes Egypt to Persia until 404. | 525 BI+N 113, CAH 3.3, 4-20, GHH, OHG 35, lveg, lvG |
| c.525 | THEBES, destroyed 661, destroyed again by Canbyses-II. | 525 B76 18-1066 523 GHH |
| c.525 | Cambyses-II invades Libya. | 525 B76 III-329, CAH 4-20, OCD 307, rcNA |
| c.525 | CAMBYSES reaches Nubia (according to Herodotus). | 525 B76 6-480, BHoE 561, GHH 523 B76 VII-430 |
| c.523 | 6,000 Egyptians deported to Susiana. | 523 GHH |
| c.522 | CAMBYSES-II king of Medo-Persia 529-22, in Upper Egypt, hears of insurrection of Gaumata, rushes north in a rage. At Elephantine he destroys Egyptian temples, sparing only the Jewish temple. At Memphis he kills the sacred Apis bull, flogs the priests, displaces mummies in tombs, burns images of gods. | 525 DHJ 369 523 GHH 522 B76 9-834, CAH 4-23 no date DBANE 72 |
| c.522 | CAMBYSES-II king of Medo-Persia 529-22, leaves satrap ARYANDES in charge of Egypt until 518, departs into Palestine. | 522 B76 9-834, CAH 4-23, Grim 368, Sdl 5-48, WPOT 321 |
 Provinces of Medo-Persian Empire at its peak c.520. History of Persia |
| c.519 | EGYPT, under Medo-Persia 522-404, briefly rebels until 518. | 519 SOTS 245, WPOT 323 517 DBANE 75, MCAW 101 |
| c.518 | DARIUS-I king of Medo-Persia 522-486, king of Babylon 521-486, enters Egypt with army, encounters little opposition, occupies Memphis. | 519 SOTS 243, WPOT 323 518 B76 5-491 517 MCAW 101 |
| c.518 | DARIUS regains complete control of Egypt, executes former satrap Aryandes. | 519/18 Shaw 375 518 B76 5-491, bk 517 Grim 369 |
| c.518 | DARIUS-I king of Medo-Persia 522-486, king of Babylon 521-486, respects local religion, orders laws of Egypt written down, establishes a committee to do so. Project takes 15 years. | 519 DBANE 79 517 DBANE 75, MCAW 101 |
| c.518 | DARIUS-I king of Medo-Persia 522-486, king of Babylon 521-486, leaves PHERENDATES in charge of Egypt, departs for Palestine. | 518 SOTS 245, WPOT 323 517 Grim 369 |
| c.515 | SCYLAX of Caria, navigator under Darius-I, sent on voyage down Red Sea and into Indian Ocean. Establishes sea route to India. | 517 CHI 641, HCIP 2-41 515 MCAW 101, lvG 500 CDCC 337 |
| c.515 | Persians in Egypt advance as far west as Greek city of EUESPERIDES Libya. | 515 CDCC 332 |
| c.515 | Earliest Aramaic papyrii and ostraca in Egypt attested, mostly at Elephantine. | 515 B76 1-620 |
| c.510 | CANAL from Nile to Red Sea, begun by Neco-II in 610, construction resumed by DARIUS-I until 497. | 515 MCAW 101 510 Shaw 375 |
Egypt 500-301
V